diff --git a/src/controllers/api/accounts.ts b/src/controllers/api/accounts.ts
index f54b339..95fe0c7 100644
--- a/src/controllers/api/accounts.ts
+++ b/src/controllers/api/accounts.ts
@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
 import { type AppController } from '@/app.ts';
 import { type Filter, findReplyTag, z } from '@/deps.ts';
 import * as mixer from '@/mixer.ts';
-import * as pipeline from '@/pipeline.ts';
 import { getAuthor, getFollows, syncUser } from '@/queries.ts';
 import { booleanParamSchema } from '@/schema.ts';
 import { jsonMetaContentSchema } from '@/schemas/nostr.ts';
-import { signEvent } from '@/sign.ts';
 import { toAccount, toRelationship, toStatus } from '@/transformers/nostr-to-mastoapi.ts';
-import { eventDateComparator, isFollowing, lookupAccount, nostrNow } from '@/utils.ts';
+import { eventDateComparator, isFollowing, lookupAccount } from '@/utils.ts';
 import { buildLinkHeader, paginationSchema, parseBody } from '@/utils/web.ts';
 import { createEvent } from '@/utils/web.ts';
 
@@ -147,21 +145,12 @@ const updateCredentialsController: AppController = async (c) => {
   meta.name = result.data.display_name ?? meta.name;
   meta.about = result.data.note ?? meta.about;
 
-  const event = await signEvent({
+  const event = await createEvent({
     kind: 0,
     content: JSON.stringify(meta),
     tags: [],
-    created_at: nostrNow(),
   }, c);
 
-  try {
-    await pipeline.handleEvent(event);
-  } catch (e) {
-    if (e instanceof pipeline.RelayError) {
-      return c.json({ error: e.message }, 422);
-    }
-  }
-
   const account = await toAccount(event);
   return c.json(account);
 };
diff --git a/src/controllers/api/statuses.ts b/src/controllers/api/statuses.ts
index afb049a..bb8e9d5 100644
--- a/src/controllers/api/statuses.ts
+++ b/src/controllers/api/statuses.ts
@@ -1,11 +1,8 @@
 import { type AppController } from '@/app.ts';
 import { ISO6391, Kind, z } from '@/deps.ts';
-import * as pipeline from '@/pipeline.ts';
 import { getAncestors, getDescendants, getEvent } from '@/queries.ts';
-import { signEvent } from '@/sign.ts';
 import { toStatus } from '@/transformers/nostr-to-mastoapi.ts';
-import { nostrNow } from '@/utils.ts';
-import { parseBody } from '@/utils/web.ts';
+import { createEvent, parseBody } from '@/utils/web.ts';
 
 const createStatusSchema = z.object({
   in_reply_to_id: z.string().regex(/[0-9a-f]{64}/).nullish(),
@@ -71,21 +68,12 @@ const createStatusController: AppController = async (c) => {
       tags.push(['subject', data.spoiler_text]);
     }
 
-    const event = await signEvent({
+    const event = await createEvent({
       kind: Kind.Text,
       content: data.status ?? '',
       tags,
-      created_at: nostrNow(),
     }, c);
 
-    try {
-      await pipeline.handleEvent(event);
-    } catch (e) {
-      if (e instanceof pipeline.RelayError) {
-        return c.json({ error: e.message }, 422);
-      }
-    }
-
     return c.json(await toStatus(event));
   } else {
     return c.json({ error: 'Bad request', schema: result.error }, 400);
@@ -115,24 +103,15 @@ const favouriteController: AppController = async (c) => {
   const target = await getEvent(id, { kind: 1 });
 
   if (target) {
-    const event = await signEvent({
+    await createEvent({
       kind: Kind.Reaction,
       content: '+',
       tags: [
         ['e', target.id],
         ['p', target.pubkey],
       ],
-      created_at: nostrNow(),
     }, c);
 
-    try {
-      await pipeline.handleEvent(event);
-    } catch (e) {
-      if (e instanceof pipeline.RelayError) {
-        return c.json({ error: e.message }, 422);
-      }
-    }
-
     const status = await toStatus(target);
 
     if (status) {
diff --git a/src/utils/web.ts b/src/utils/web.ts
index 5df153e..1504614 100644
--- a/src/utils/web.ts
+++ b/src/utils/web.ts
@@ -7,7 +7,10 @@ import { nostrNow } from '@/utils.ts';
 import type { AppContext } from '@/app.ts';
 
 /** Publish an event through the API, throwing a Hono exception on failure. */
-async function createEvent<K extends number>(t: Omit<EventTemplate<K>, 'created_at'>, c: AppContext) {
+async function createEvent<K extends number>(
+  t: Omit<EventTemplate<K>, 'created_at'>,
+  c: AppContext,
+): Promise<Event<K>> {
   const pubkey = c.get('pubkey');
 
   if (!pubkey) {