diff --git a/changelog.d/richmediattl.fix b/changelog.d/richmediattl.fix
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..98de63015
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/richmediattl.fix
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Parsing of RichMedia TTLs for Amazon URLs when query parameters are nil
diff --git a/changelog.d/search-healthcheck.add b/changelog.d/search-healthcheck.add
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4974925e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/search-healthcheck.add
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Monitoring of search backend health to control the processing of jobs in the search indexing Oban queue
diff --git a/config/config.exs b/config/config.exs
index b69044a2b..8b9a588b7 100644
--- a/config/config.exs
+++ b/config/config.exs
@@ -579,7 +579,7 @@
     attachments_cleanup: 1,
     new_users_digest: 1,
     mute_expire: 5,
-    search_indexing: 10,
+    search_indexing: [limit: 10, paused: true],
     rich_media_expiration: 2
   ],
   plugins: [Oban.Plugins.Pruner],
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/application.ex b/lib/pleroma/application.ex
index 649bb11c8..d266d1836 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/application.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/application.ex
@@ -109,7 +109,8 @@ def start(_type, _args) do
         streamer_registry() ++
         background_migrators() ++
         shout_child(shout_enabled?()) ++
-        [Pleroma.Gopher.Server]
+        [Pleroma.Gopher.Server] ++
+        [Pleroma.Search.Healthcheck]
 
     # See http://elixir-lang.org/docs/stable/elixir/Supervisor.html
     # for other strategies and supported options
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/search.ex b/lib/pleroma/search.ex
index 3b266e59b..fd0218cb8 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/search.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/search.ex
@@ -10,8 +10,12 @@ def remove_from_index(%Pleroma.Object{id: object_id}) do
   end
 
   def search(query, options) do
-    search_module = Pleroma.Config.get([Pleroma.Search, :module], Pleroma.Activity)
-
+    search_module = Pleroma.Config.get([Pleroma.Search, :module])
     search_module.search(options[:for_user], query, options)
   end
+
+  def healthcheck_endpoints do
+    search_module = Pleroma.Config.get([Pleroma.Search, :module])
+    search_module.healthcheck_endpoints
+  end
 end
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/search/database_search.ex b/lib/pleroma/search/database_search.ex
index 31bfc7e33..11e99e7f1 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/search/database_search.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/search/database_search.ex
@@ -48,6 +48,9 @@ def add_to_index(_activity), do: :ok
   @impl true
   def remove_from_index(_object), do: :ok
 
+  @impl true
+  def healthcheck_endpoints, do: nil
+
   def maybe_restrict_author(query, %User{} = author) do
     Activity.Queries.by_author(query, author)
   end
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/search/healthcheck.ex b/lib/pleroma/search/healthcheck.ex
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e562c8478
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/pleroma/search/healthcheck.ex
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+# Pleroma: A lightweight social networking server
+# Copyright © 2017-2024 Pleroma Authors <https://pleroma.social/>
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only
+defmodule Pleroma.Search.Healthcheck do
+  @doc """
+  Monitors health of search backend to control processing of events based on health and availability.
+  """
+  use GenServer
+  require Logger
+
+  @queue :search_indexing
+  @tick :timer.seconds(5)
+  @timeout :timer.seconds(2)
+
+  def start_link(_) do
+    GenServer.start_link(__MODULE__, [], name: __MODULE__)
+  end
+
+  @impl true
+  def init(_) do
+    state = %{healthy: false}
+    {:ok, state, {:continue, :start}}
+  end
+
+  @impl true
+  def handle_continue(:start, state) do
+    tick()
+    {:noreply, state}
+  end
+
+  @impl true
+  def handle_info(:check, state) do
+    urls = Pleroma.Search.healthcheck_endpoints()
+
+    new_state =
+      if check(urls) do
+        Oban.resume_queue(queue: @queue)
+        Map.put(state, :healthy, true)
+      else
+        Oban.pause_queue(queue: @queue)
+        Map.put(state, :healthy, false)
+      end
+
+    maybe_log_state_change(state, new_state)
+
+    tick()
+    {:noreply, new_state}
+  end
+
+  @impl true
+  def handle_call(:state, _from, state) do
+    {:reply, state, state, :hibernate}
+  end
+
+  def state, do: GenServer.call(__MODULE__, :state)
+
+  def check([]), do: true
+
+  def check(urls) when is_list(urls) do
+    Enum.all?(
+      urls,
+      fn url ->
+        case Pleroma.HTTP.get(url, [], recv_timeout: @timeout) do
+          {:ok, %{status: 200}} -> true
+          _ -> false
+        end
+      end
+    )
+  end
+
+  def check(_), do: true
+
+  defp tick do
+    Process.send_after(self(), :check, @tick)
+  end
+
+  defp maybe_log_state_change(%{healthy: true}, %{healthy: false}) do
+    Logger.error("Pausing Oban queue #{@queue} due to search backend healthcheck failure")
+  end
+
+  defp maybe_log_state_change(%{healthy: false}, %{healthy: true}) do
+    Logger.info("Resuming Oban queue #{@queue} due to search backend healthcheck pass")
+  end
+
+  defp maybe_log_state_change(_, _), do: :ok
+end
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/search/meilisearch.ex b/lib/pleroma/search/meilisearch.ex
index 2bff663e8..08c2f3d86 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/search/meilisearch.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/search/meilisearch.ex
@@ -178,4 +178,15 @@ def add_to_index(activity) do
   def remove_from_index(object) do
     meili_delete("/indexes/objects/documents/#{object.id}")
   end
+
+  @impl true
+  def healthcheck_endpoints do
+    endpoint =
+      Config.get([Pleroma.Search.Meilisearch, :url])
+      |> URI.parse()
+      |> Map.put(:path, "/health")
+      |> URI.to_string()
+
+    [endpoint]
+  end
 end
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/search/search_backend.ex b/lib/pleroma/search/search_backend.ex
index 68bc48cec..13c887bc2 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/search/search_backend.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/search/search_backend.ex
@@ -21,4 +21,12 @@ defmodule Pleroma.Search.SearchBackend do
   from index.
   """
   @callback remove_from_index(object :: Pleroma.Object.t()) :: :ok | {:error, any()}
+
+  @doc """
+  Healthcheck endpoints of search backend infrastructure to monitor for controlling
+  processing of jobs in the Oban queue.
+
+  It is expected a 200 response is healthy and other responses are unhealthy.
+  """
+  @callback healthcheck_endpoints :: list() | nil
 end
diff --git a/lib/pleroma/web/rich_media/parser/ttl/aws_signed_url.ex b/lib/pleroma/web/rich_media/parser/ttl/aws_signed_url.ex
index 948c727e1..1172a120a 100644
--- a/lib/pleroma/web/rich_media/parser/ttl/aws_signed_url.ex
+++ b/lib/pleroma/web/rich_media/parser/ttl/aws_signed_url.ex
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ defp aws_signed_url?(image) when is_binary(image) and image != "" do
     %URI{host: host, query: query} = URI.parse(image)
 
     is_binary(host) and String.contains?(host, "amazonaws.com") and
-      String.contains?(query, "X-Amz-Expires")
+      is_binary(query) and String.contains?(query, "X-Amz-Expires")
   end
 
   defp aws_signed_url?(_), do: nil
diff --git a/test/pleroma/search/healthcheck_test.exs b/test/pleroma/search/healthcheck_test.exs
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e7649d949
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/pleroma/search/healthcheck_test.exs
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+# Pleroma: A lightweight social networking server
+# Copyright © 2017-2024 Pleroma Authors <https://pleroma.social/>
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-only
+
+defmodule Pleroma.Search.HealthcheckTest do
+  use Pleroma.DataCase
+
+  import Tesla.Mock
+
+  alias Pleroma.Search.Healthcheck
+
+  @good1 "http://good1.example.com/healthz"
+  @good2 "http://good2.example.com/health"
+  @bad "http://bad.example.com/healthy"
+
+  setup do
+    mock(fn
+      %{method: :get, url: @good1} ->
+        %Tesla.Env{
+          status: 200,
+          body: ""
+        }
+
+      %{method: :get, url: @good2} ->
+        %Tesla.Env{
+          status: 200,
+          body: ""
+        }
+
+      %{method: :get, url: @bad} ->
+        %Tesla.Env{
+          status: 503,
+          body: ""
+        }
+    end)
+
+    :ok
+  end
+
+  test "true for 200 responses" do
+    assert Healthcheck.check([@good1])
+    assert Healthcheck.check([@good1, @good2])
+  end
+
+  test "false if any response is not a 200" do
+    refute Healthcheck.check([@bad])
+    refute Healthcheck.check([@good1, @bad])
+  end
+end
diff --git a/test/pleroma/web/rich_media/parser/ttl/aws_signed_url_test.exs b/test/pleroma/web/rich_media/parser/ttl/aws_signed_url_test.exs
index cd8be8675..cc28aa7f3 100644
--- a/test/pleroma/web/rich_media/parser/ttl/aws_signed_url_test.exs
+++ b/test/pleroma/web/rich_media/parser/ttl/aws_signed_url_test.exs
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ defmodule Pleroma.Web.RichMedia.Parser.TTL.AwsSignedUrlTest do
 
   alias Pleroma.UnstubbedConfigMock, as: ConfigMock
   alias Pleroma.Web.RichMedia.Card
+  alias Pleroma.Web.RichMedia.Parser.TTL.AwsSignedUrl
 
   setup do
     ConfigMock
@@ -82,6 +83,12 @@ test "s3 signed url is parsed and correct ttl is set for rich media" do
     assert DateTime.diff(scheduled_at, timestamp_dt) == valid_till
   end
 
+  test "AWS URL for an image without expiration works" do
+    og_data = %{"image" => "https://amazonaws.com/image.png"}
+
+    assert is_nil(AwsSignedUrl.ttl(og_data, ""))
+  end
+
   defp construct_s3_url(timestamp, valid_till) do
     "https://pleroma.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/sachin%20%281%29%20_a%20-%25%2Aasdasd%20BNN%20bnnn%20.png?X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Credential=AKIAIBLWWK6RGDQXDLJQ%2F20190716%2Fap-southeast-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Date=#{timestamp}&X-Amz-Expires=#{valid_till}&X-Amz-Signature=04ffd6b98634f4b1bbabc62e0fac4879093cd54a6eed24fe8eb38e8369526bbf&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host"
   end